Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when there is damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or to the nerve pathways from the inner ear (retrocochlear pathway of the acoustic nerve) to the brain.
Sensorineural hearing loss not only involves a reduction in sound level, or ability to hear faint sounds, but also affects speech understanding or ability to hear clearly.
Sensorineural hearing loss can be caused by diseases, birth injury, drugs that are toxic to the auditory system, and genetic syndromes. Sensorineural hearing loss may also occur as a result of noise exposure, viruses, head trauma, aging, and tumors. Sensorineural hearing loss affects some 17 million Americans.
Sensorineural hearing loss cannot be corrected medically or surgically. It is a permanent loss.
A progressive hearing loss is a hearing loss that gets worse over time. The change in hearing can happen over a few weeks, months, or even years. It can start as a mild loss and later become a moderate or severe hearing loss.